欧盟50年庆典27国节目单出炉 花样翻新无所不有 ) ~; G/ C/ ?3 _9 P( I1 k. I4 r2 u. P: B. i( u. A) i
为庆祝《罗马条约》签署暨欧盟成立50周年,欧盟各国已陆续开始举行各种庆典活动。各国的活动不仅“有声有色”,而且花样翻新,无所不有。 . B4 ?8 b+ I" F
7 ` Y; u; T: s0 W4 [ 比利时的首都布鲁塞尔是欧盟委员会以及欧洲议会的所在地,在那儿,人们将举办一场露天音乐会,以纪念欧盟成立50周年。届时,一些知名歌手将获邀前往献唱,其中包括享有“雅典白玫瑰”美誉的希腊国宝歌后娜娜-莫斯科利以及著名歌手可米沃德。沃德的经纪人尼克-博伊尔斯表示,沃德将演唱两首很应景的热曲:"You Came"(你来了)以及 "Together We Belong"(我们属于彼此)。据博伊尔斯透露,沃德这次的演出并没有出场费,但她很高兴能够参加这样的庆祝活动。 5 ^* h5 n7 _9 r2 g b2 l 6 M9 h* [- ]$ l) {/ f2 K' t 法国的庆祝活动更加别出心裁。为庆祝欧盟成立50周年,法国政府将于周日在国家电视台上公映电影“How We Hated Other”(我们如何彼此憎恨)。影片讲述的是一个巴黎女郎如何因战争而与一名德国军官走散,5年之后最终又团聚的故事。影片明显的寓意欧洲的联盟,然而要在此时播出,也遭到一些非议。英国独立党的领导人法拉吉就表示,他将不会观看这部影片,因为他认为将该影片的情节和欧洲的统一相提并论,实属无稽之谈。 2 E% H5 V2 X0 K' J* J7 X) W% b9 W& O
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除了比利时和法国之外,欧盟的其他25个成员国也纷纷举行各式各样的庆祝活动。下面是欧盟所有27个成员国的庆祝活动一览: ! u8 c; s0 y' v : ^+ V U4 p$ ?% ^* e 奥地利:青年摇滚乐队演出 ( `& u: U: I4 F( m3 p2 G
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比利时:知名歌手演唱会 ) u3 r+ _7 R- s; I6 q5 W# @
: t; k0 K/ o1 ~" p 英国:足球赛 7 u: h( L$ k: V2 g) c& J- R& t
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保加利亚:大学辩论赛 4 v, C' A; u/ @7 N ! g, C M' u* Y9 O) u8 J 塞浦路斯:欧盟办公开放日 , M9 j! m1 R3 P' t9 G% c
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捷克共和国:半马拉松赛跑 $ b$ Q5 _4 i! i+ J# I7 P , H( z$ U- l% p5 H 丹麦:免费面包 3 M; m; H, k) n
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爱沙尼亚:植树 % v x8 p. z: |9 K
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芬兰:公众辩论 ( ]3 }% h, I8 `" R" S& } 8 ?; |; p9 w f+ e; \% J3 W s; _ 法国:公映浪漫电影 * R7 Y' m$ H6 U, w ) B$ e0 a+ c2 z8 t2 K 德国:27家夜间俱乐部开放 ; {3 ^# x! |' Q4 X r* v
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希腊:多媒体艺术展 , I7 `4 ^( _) e; e8 F: j. [! Z. ]9 c3 Y( }* L
匈牙利:通宵音乐会 v: p' q" i7 t 4 X1 T: i, P( g! W6 ] 爱尔兰共和国:为欧洲祈祷 - {7 m( j( i3 j- N, j9 }; g
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意大利:27件艺术珍品展出 8 ]) u# i( L1 N: p
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拉脱维亚:经典记录片献映 / t- s9 f) M2 r; p" _* l8 \& v+ E% B: l' ~
立陶宛:召开科学讨论会 7 V$ G9 u2 M) w1 m0 E$ p- k3 z; W( f7 R; P6 i# @' Y' `
卢森堡:组织圆形走步 ) r- D1 Z7 O: U ]( G# P! }
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马耳他:电影节开幕 5 l+ t# C- w' }+ O8 G; O7 B; R! t- J7 O4 v" w, \
荷兰:提供教堂服务 / F) P" i* z+ _, i9 N k5 ~
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波兰:召开学术大会 % C3 K" J$ h) Y7 l2 ^& x4 K3 C
& y; x; U! H5 V# H { 葡萄牙:召开当地音乐家音乐会 % r; T% ?( y$ P i) Z. M: c* m- G# Z4 b) O" F
罗马尼亚:开通欧盟网络聊天室 8 S3 P- ^2 `1 K$ b1 m
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斯洛伐克:召开学生大会 $ m: v/ O6 J+ I& V7 l# N & _ y7 B- v' s: \+ E3 P 斯洛文尼亚:组织跳伞活动 7 c! k6 O- ?+ [4 N( L1 V. k7 V% e+ ]0 G
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西班牙:拼出欧盟27国大型拼图 % `5 ]" F( X& V7 Y' b- P
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瑞典:召开欧洲研讨会$ S4 B" [# V* r9 h% R
March 20, 2007 ( }( i3 F* G' {4 z, ?8 m1 q% ~2 K7 ]9 y$ ?& q2 t$ X+ L; E
Kim Wilde – Belgium’s choice for the great EU 50th birthday bash, P# q1 d6 i* j- c3 J/ N
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She is most famous for singing about kids in America. Now Kim Wilde has been cast as a symbol of European unity. G. Y) t+ O# f" p3 b+ W + W9 D1 \; S5 f0 @* _She will star at an evening of veteran rock stars being offered to Belgians as a suitable way of marking the EU’s half century. If that appears a little incongruous as a way of marking the 50th anniversary of the Treaty of Rome, there are further unexpected delights. 3 I9 S$ @9 j$ w9 _8 _. k # @4 n3 I' ^2 r1 T0 I& pBrussels, home of the European Commission and Parliament, will stage the open-air concert with a lineup of pop veterans including Nana Mouskouri — who in the 1990s was an MEP — and Wilde. Nick Boyles, Wilde’s agent, said that she was not being paid for her appearance and would sing two songs — her recently rereleased 1980s hit You Came as well as Together We Belong.: ]+ X8 z$ A0 r" Z$ h' f
0 m. K b) g. ?. L* n; G- S“It is quite an appropriate title,” Mr Boyles said. “We are not being paid and she is delighted to be participating.” 8 L: N4 x1 L( ~( a8 W! Q
4 A, l+ I% e Y( N5 C- [In Ireland and the Netherlands, special EU prayers will be said in churches on Sunday, while in Luxembourg there will be an 8km EU walk taking in the birthplace of Robert Schuman, one of the founders of the EU. - l9 o! A1 F9 r' I
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Danes will mark the occasion with free buns. Estonians will plant trees. Czechs can run a half-marathon — and Cyprus has an open day at its local EU office. Slovenes will be treated to a parachute jump by sky-divers sporting the EU colours of blue and gold stars. In Madrid, students will build a “giant puzzle” of the 27 member countries. Malta is holding a firework display, a film festival, several concerts and even a European jobs fair. 9 G" c& R, K9 L( d
, }6 X4 z+ n/ C# d: dSome countries appear to have planned their events with symbolism in mind. Luxembourg is staging a circular walk. Bulgaria, Finland and Slovakia are offering debates or conferences. But Sweden has not even tried to be subtle: it is holding a Europe seminar. ; i+ {/ C5 I+ e$ k% Q# v, v + \+ V8 i4 o2 N. R; H6 S7 vIt might be enough to have Swedes queueing to see Wilde, who since her 1980s heyday has turned herself into a celebrity gardener in Britain while maintaining a musical following in Europe, particularly Germany and Belgium. Last year a single spent nine weeks in the German top 100. % x' t6 q7 w; D7 f2 F5 c1 G $ n7 ]" t& x. Q/ yFrance has tried harder than most, shooting a film to be shown on national television on Sunday. Nous nous sommes tant haïs ( How We Hated Each Other), a film about the reawakening of love between a Parisian barmaid and a former German officer who lost contact for five years after a wartime affair. The tear-jerking, European Commission-funded made-for-TV romance of Marie and Jörgen has become the latest vehicle for inspiring mass enthusiasm in the European Union. . x k1 |5 b4 F! ]" ?+ c* h ! N# q/ \, Z! C0 Q+ uTheir story, a heavy-handed allegory for the unification of Europe, starts when they rediscover each other on May 9, 1950, the day that Schuman, France’s Foreign Minister, called for a Franco-German coal and steel community. Jörgen is by now a journalist covering the momentous events and Marie a sultry barmaid with a 5-year-old boy. 3 }; Q7 G7 d d& }
1 Q$ A1 |+ l2 Z' g4 qNigel Farage, leader of the UK Independence Party, said that he was unlikely to watch the film. : R9 _* a& ]6 u% G
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“What nonsense,” he said. “Girls will fall for foreign soldiers with or without the European Union. The whole 50th anniversary party is a desperate attempt to show how delighted everybody is with the EU’s birthday — but the only ones who are really happy are those in its pay.” 2 d/ W1 ]) x9 m& j, T, {' g3 P- a) \' ^3 |, ~ v! V
Plans for simultaneous dance festivals in every country were dropped because states said it reminded them of Soviet-style mass participation “fun”. # r# M; `3 f7 z' S, L
, k0 y0 C1 ]: Q/ U+ P$ hHow to celebrate 50 years of Europe! x/ @; h$ I9 x% @* m9 a
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Austria: Young rock bands . Q) u9 \; e0 x/ x/ E0 ^3 e. ?2 L. |# m7 z2 q' z
Belgium: Veteran pop stars + K# R+ ?" ?7 K( k9 x* X2 N
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Britain: Football match 1 ?) b8 N0 G1 ^0 |
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Bulgaria: University debates & i2 L! C* n6 W% W l& ?" J; @" ?5 k6 a9 p
Cyprus: EU office open day , z- z; K( D, F- j) L/ V8 ^; G# X9 V& ]. |) s5 k; G
Czech Republic: Half marathon 9 \3 Q9 k+ e x' Z; L* D8 ?
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Denmark: Free buns 3 ]0 J) A# r' q4 w9 z; Z
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Estonia: Tree planting ; k1 x }0 e1 m+ V o ]: K0 H
5 \+ f6 z' |7 u7 e4 @& @1 EFinland: Public debates 3 O8 v6 [- t$ P+ F: Y9 | 0 e4 A9 e. j; v: \, _France: Romantic movie ' n+ K, l8 |/ E/ ]$ o, n( Z
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Germany: 27 nightclubs . ^' \; o, T( m/ k/ r9 w# A6 { 3 b3 o2 N* m9 E8 Y' wGreece: Multi- media artwork 5 K m( k& ^. X, E" H) H
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Hungary: All-night concert . o. k8 |+ D& @0 B
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Irish Republic: Prayer for Europe 5 U( Q1 e9 s8 ^& J2 n1 N0 l . ]% ~. G' `7 D9 r6 tItaly: 27 art masterpieces , q8 W. l( ]" X/ a, h
$ ~+ l7 i$ N. hSo, what has Europe ever done for us? Apart from... . q* o3 B2 _3 u. Z# D1. The end of war between European nations + p7 e8 r: N$ g 5 j. N/ I; g! D% \" V# p7 JWhile rows between England, France and Germany have been a feature of EU summits, war between Europe's major powers is now unthinkable. The fact that the two world wars that shaped the last century now seem so remote is, in itself, tribute to a visionary project that has permanently changed the landscape. As the EU celebrates the 50th anniversary of the signing of the Treaty of Rome it is clear that while the detailed topography will always be difficult to agree, it is an extraordinary achievement that we are standing on common ground.* p; U1 l+ l, @4 J) r+ _ `/ U9 S. j
; n2 [) P, X% f4 i0 V: R4 O( vSpain, Portugal, Greece, and the EU's 10 ex-Communist countries are parliamentary democracies. None of these nations were truly free in the decades following the Second World War. Each is now a democracy anchored within the EU and is unlikely to change course. : S# ^5 b3 p2 L$ r. D2 x 3 y8 a( A2 v7 d; p3. Once poor countries like Ireland, Greece and Portugal prospering . G" A8 T6 W* F6 e - W! O8 C/ t& s1 D8 }1 FEU subsidies well spent have been crucial to the lift-off of the Irish economy. Once firmly in Britain's economic shadow, the Celtic tiger has emerged. Gross domestic product per capita in Ireland in 2005 was 137.1 per cent of the EU average, compared to 116.8 per cent in the UK.8 P! l% j# k% H8 G- v) t
E" B$ B1 A3 j0 m2 o+ S ^8 q0 M4. The creation of the world's largest internal trading market* e$ p! Z8 ]7 F0 a
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The 27-nation EU now around 500m people making it the world's largest economic trading bloc. By comparison the US has a population of around 300m. The old EU 25 had 19.2 per cent of the World's exports as compared with 14.4 per cent from the US. This gap is set to grow following the last enlargement in January to 27 member states. 3 ]/ r, B/ q- g' v 6 ^) o( {$ X8 H( Q0 ]5. Shopping without frontiers has given consumers more power$ _9 r1 d5 e7 X: m; N+ z
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European consumers can buy goods for their own use in whichever EU country they choose - in person, on the internet, over the telephone, or by mail order - without paying additional taxes. This competition is driving down prices and increasing quality0 ]( f( K2 X1 v& `
+ c2 i# y5 A2 d7 j' N) w$ u( ^6. Co-operation on continent-wide immigration policy8 j" k6 M2 x) q, h+ Y' j
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Though EU countries set immigration levels the EU is increasingly active in the fight against illegal migration and in trying to match the labour needs of European countries to the supply of migrants. On the downside, the EU is increasingly an impregnable fortress and many lose their lives trying to get here by boat from Africa% o) Q3 {) ?4 o5 J2 C
$ v. b4 B) L, t0 N2 |7. Crime-busting co-operation, through Europol 6 Q# f" o r# x7 y
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This provides a clearing house for EU police forces. The police in EU member states can now use an EU arrest warrant to get suspects moved from one country to another where they will face serious charges without lengthy extradition procedures. a/ `9 E. t! V. P+ U3 v- [3 m
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8. Laws which make it easier for British people to buy property in Europe / r6 ~: ]- a1 a8 w. A# R9 }6 ^3 l1 t3 s, {" \% D2 i# D: |
It may not be good for the environment but access to second homes a short-haul flight away has fulfilled the dreams of millions of Britons. Retirement or regular holidays from the south of Spain to the east of Bulgaria has become a reality for many and a legally safeguarded one at that., P) s1 b* w5 b! a4 G4 R
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9. Cleaner beaches and rivers throughout Europe( \: u/ v; H' S% d+ }+ V+ b
9 {+ \" H T- c# A# b8 sEU law and peer pressure - including annual reports - have forced the UK to clean up its act, for example bringing the once-dirty waters off Blackpool beach up to standard. The first EU legislation was passed in 1976 with two more pieces in 2002 and 2006. Now you can monitor the quality of bathing water by checking on a website. ) Q! G/ b M0 e" q. C N0 s: W* m. Q% T9 b I
10. Four weeks statutory paid holiday a year for workers in Europe * Z( d8 u2 S* I5 p( \4 ? k& u- [ {6 A7 Q0 z8 H6 P5 d# mThe EU Working Time Directive ensures that all Europeans get at least four weeks of paid holiday per year. In the US many workers get a fortnight. The same directive provides for 11 hours rest in every 24 and one day of rest per week plus a rest break if the working day is longer than six hours. Minimum standards are set for paid maternity and paternity leave.+ ?) M4 q: m# i0 b8 a3 {) o
9 v4 W k; ^; i* v# P0 r" Q11. No death penalty (incompatible with EU membership) # C4 z2 o% I5 o: V 5 q [. ~) e Z# n# ~( X. M+ |No EU member state has the death penalty and reintroduction of capital punishment would not be compatible with EU membership. Even countries outside the EU are having to review their policies if they want to be considered for membership of the club, most notably Turkey. ; C" r6 u }9 f* g5 G# e- l' P( D! M9 f9 e' E/ ]6 n% o# k" t% `9 w* [
12. Competition means cheaper phone calls / I, p9 Z( \9 W3 d1 Q6 X 5 Y3 V0 F- S* s6 nSince the liberalisation of telecommunications in the 1980s loosened the grip of the monopolies, prices have plummeted. The European Commission says the cost of international calls in the EU has fallen by 80 per cent since 1984. " J" q2 _- C2 ]/ a* o# O8 R: u& ^2 K/ C l
13. Small EU bureaucracy (24,000 employees, fewer than the BBC) 6 G9 L& G0 T+ C# G( {9 ^1 S# }7 m: Q' o/ ]+ a
Despite the eurosceptic claims, the number of EU officials is surprisingly small. After the scandal of 1999 when the Brussels based European Commission resigned, strict new rules were imposed on spending. # s5 W; K1 I* D' Q6 J6 i: P1 F: g ' W/ w6 d* `9 R$ l9 C. B& u9 L14. Making the French eat British beef again$ {8 c, i* _, a* }( V0 m
- Y+ ?2 R5 e: I2 O# \" F* b- t" T. fWhen the BSE crisis subsided and British meat was judged safe, the European Court of Justice ordered France to resume imports. France contested the ruling but had no alternative in the end. By contrast, the US retains an embargo. 8 Y0 j5 j" @8 g5 o+ L5 q5 i$ @2 A; a" V G; G0 a
15. Minority languages, like Irish, Welsh and Catalan recognised and protected5 C/ p- _( x" m6 v/ J
2 H* [ \8 ^# @Minority languages are gaining recognition. Be it Irish, Welsh or Catalan, minority languages are getting a greater role thanks to the EU which even has a Commissioner for Multilingualism. Irish became an official language of the EU this year. Catalans have lesser language rights because their tongue is official only in one part of Spain, their member states. The EU - with 23 official languages - is doing more to keep lesser tongues alive than some individual member states.7 ?. g C: ?8 a4 a9 K. _& ?
! T/ E% M6 b/ c+ p. g; M T16. Europe is helping to save the planet with regulatory cuts in CO2 : i* U1 T# e1 v+ i1 p% u0 p. l) d. ^' {7 a6 Y. f
The EU has announced the most ambitious targets for curbing carbon emissions, promising a cut of at least one-fifth on 1990 levels by 2020. Other parts of the world are being challenged to follow suit. The EU also has blazed a trail with its carbon emissions trading system which, despite teething troubles, is still a model for other parts of the world.% s8 a- Q5 j* F" j6 x6 L% m
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17. One currency from Bantry to Berlin (but not Britain)" C5 _/ b2 I7 p$ U4 W p6 M
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The Euro is now the only real alternative to the dollar on the international stage. You can travel throughout 13 countries and use one currency. Slovenia became the 13th and latest nation to join the single currency this year. Several more nations have yet to meet the necessary criteria.7 a+ x- N# l& \9 ?% x
6 }* V( ]( a: `& J+ U18. Europe wide bans on tyrants like Robert Mugabe8 V+ n) B9 l: q0 b+ n, H
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Smart sanctions on the Zimbabwean President and his cronies have been negotiated through the EU and prevent those on a list from visiting all 27 nations. Though countries differ in the way they believe the EU should treat the government in Harare, they all agreed to renew the sanctions for another year. 0 W) o# N7 u C4 N' o/ w. a: k% i& u+ ^
19. The EU gives twice as much aid to developing countries as the US & S3 l# C3 ?* F1 u , \( U& E2 w R# e1 zThe European Union and its member states paid out more than
欧盟成立五十年 爱恨纠缠中对抗美国 " G: r+ S5 P% q0 n% t' z7 y/ q6 z$ J; f
欧盟将于3月25日迎来五十周年纪念日,轮任主席国德国将发表“柏林宣言”,讲述过去五十年欧盟的功绩及未来的发展,充分肯定一体化的路向。当年欧盟的成立目标,本来也包括要抗衡美国的崛起。美国《新闻周刊》3月26日(提前出版)一期发表文章,认为在欧盟庆祝五十岁生日时,批评人士说欧盟的一只脚已踏进坟墓;但仍有许多国家现在把欧盟,而不是美国看作榜样。 8 b1 o, ?6 Z4 S* M& K: s& B2 u/ S3 F# j$ v2 t/ R
文章指出,在欧盟庆祝标志着欧盟诞生的《罗马条约》签署五十周年之际,专家们一致认为, 欧洲已走上穷途末路。欧洲这个博物馆,正在掉进历史的垃圾堆。 5 `9 h; D8 m) f8 M$ P: M
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这种看法在美国尤为盛行。正如美国的怀疑论者所说,“旧世界”(指欧洲大陆,当然英国除外)完蛋了。欧洲经济停滞不前。科技和企业活力转移到了硅谷和班加罗尔。 面对僵化的社会福利制度、“娇生惯养”的劳动大军以及地位牢固的特殊利益集团,政客们无能为力。 4 X1 r; G) G' l* y- j$ w2 @; a" @& P, H
欧洲人口持续下降。移民只会加剧社会问题。欧洲的外交政策软弱无力。罗伯特·卡根说:“欧洲人来自金星,美国人来自火星。”他指的是欧洲军事力量薄弱。他还说,要在世界舞台上与美国平起平坐,欧洲既缺乏团结一致的精神,也没有这样的决心。最新的例证就是因美国在波兰和捷克部署新的导弹防御体系而争执不休。 , p# B( g1 ]% L* S6 F/ r
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批评人士指出,欧洲不可能自救,因为它已经不清楚欧洲代表什么。欧盟最近花了五年的时间来起草新宪法,结果却遭到心怀不满的荷兰和法国投票者的抵制,他们似乎对太多的“欧洲”感到厌倦。专栏作家马克·斯泰恩等美国保守派人士警告说,如果欧洲未能融合迅速增长的少数民族人口,那么抵制穆斯林的新民族主义运动将在所难免。斯泰恩预言,欧洲人很快就会被“宣礼员召唤穆斯林做礼拜的声音”所惊醒。最终结果将是欧洲迷失自我。 4 g" I0 |, w( e, M J3 M 4 ?: v# P, s2 \# h 对于在欧洲生活或者最近访问过欧洲的大多数人来说,以上的观点都是错误的,甚至是荒谬的。在欧盟本周迎来五十周岁生日之际,让我们回想一下它所取得的成就。欧洲从大萧条和二战的废墟中崛起,发展成为完整自由的大陆。半个世纪前,只有空想家才会料到,今天人们不必过边检,就可以从瑞典横穿欧洲到西西里岛,而且在大部分国家还可以使用同一种欧洲货币。人们也不会想到,会出现一个受共同的经济调控框架约束、没有关税壁垒的单一市场。 : q3 X4 @: h2 u. Z/ ~ ; X1 T! I3 A5 V1 C 欧洲现在是世界性的超级力量,在世界史上具有重要意义,其经济影响无人能及。欧洲建立了一种最为成功的政治体制——现代化的社会福利制度,虽然制度本身存在很多缺陷,但还是给欧洲人民带来了前所未有的繁荣和安全。 ( d( Z/ u1 @" E6 Y1 c+ `9 Z- F/ E H; U
在现代史上,欧洲是自愿进行国际合作的唯一最成功案例。1957年成立的欧洲经济共同体成员国已从建立之初的6个发展为27个,各成员国的五亿人口团结一致,他们居住在从爱尔兰的西阿伦群岛经过中欧的心脏地带直到黑海的广阔地区。欧洲的价值观传播到了世界各地,它们在很多方面都比美国更有吸引力。事实是,欧洲正在兴起,而不是衰落。批评者在这一点上弄错了。 ) T+ z! ~- y) r: G( X* h
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美国的现实政治家喜欢谈论由唯一超级大国统治的“单极”世界。欧盟的成功证明了事实恰好相反:世界是两极的,另一极是欧洲。当然,美国在“硬”军事实力方面无可匹敌。然而,人们只需看看美国在伊拉克的困境,就会发现美国军事力量的局限性。当需要用民间力量这种更为温和的手段来构筑和平时,欧洲比美国更胜一筹。 + U) r3 x" G5 Q7 X2 |' _2 |5 s
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亚洲时报在线则指出,在欧盟对华军售的问题上,德、法两国因经贸缘故希望解除禁售,但美国以担心台海军事冲突为由,极力反对解禁。事实上,白宫向欧盟施压维持对华军售禁令,令美国盟友以色列可以持续向中国提供军备,同时美国亦大量出售军备予台湾,令美国可利用台海危机左右逢源,最后吃亏的是欧盟。 0 r g$ y% I4 n4 m; O, @7 `% E5 C7 [! l1 ]' t% `
在亚洲,欧美因为文化及意识形态相近而经常被混为一谈。然而,美国近年渐趋向保守主义和宗教狂热,而欧洲则愈来愈趋向政教分家和非宗教化。对很多欧洲人而言,美国的社会制度和政府政策经常难以理解,欧美社会之间存在文化差异已非新鲜事物,而文化震惊事件更时有发生。 ! W& z# O& K8 a3 K( G6 v% V7 b$ {
欧洲一体化进程可以说是欧洲国家之间一项自强的行动,努力五十年后,今天欧盟的国际地位虽然巩固,但要与美国平起平坐的愿望却未完全达到,两者关系似友还敌,既有爱也有恨,时而合作,时而对抗,是国际社会上最难触摸的双边关系之一。 5 q0 n( E7 u6 A' e9 l+ [) Q. [- B$ @* P 作者: 日月光 时间: 2007-3-23 08:54
欧元区首发硬币纪念欧盟50周年: H; z6 {8 o8 ?1 F
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为庆祝欧盟成立50周年,欧元区13个成员国将自本周开始首次统一发行9000万枚设计相同的2欧元硬币。7 r2 k9 p) n [9 Q% p. m3 z2 N
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这是欧元区成员国第一次为了相同的纪念活动,共同发行纪念币。自2004年以来,欧元区已有多个国家单独发行了各自的欧元纪念币。例如,2004年,希腊为纪念雅典奥运会就发行过欧元纪念币。, x) w5 u1 [3 M* L( b# x' R
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欧元区迄今发行的纪念币面值一般都是2欧元,且可以在整个欧元区流通,尽管很多都被收藏家们「拦截」了下来。 & ^+ }- G, k `" F3 |' o/ ], N% g2 t . _1 V9 p' G$ I! }$ F$ y& R通常,各成员国发行的欧元硬币正面完全相同,被称为「欧洲面」,是一幅形象化的欧洲地图。背面则由各成员国自己决定采用何种图案,一般都是各自国家的元首、历史人物或国家标志,被称为「国家面」。欧元区发行正反面设计相同的2欧元硬币还是第一次。6 I! }) f+ w- N4 S" W: a+ u
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而在这次统一设计的纪念币「国家面」上,画面的中央是一本打开的书,象征著标志欧盟诞生的《罗马条约》,背景则是艺术大师米开朗琪罗设计的罗马卡比托利欧广场,形似一朵盛开的莲花。1957年3月25日,《罗马条约》正是在那里签订。 9 Y. k: j4 r$ O- L" o8 N3 i, f2 E2 S+ v, Q; Y# ^" C( u
欧盟委员会主席巴罗佐说,欧盟将各成员国民众联系在一起,让人们生活在和平、富足的环境中,而欧元恰恰代表著欧盟日益增强的实力和不断融合的进程。/ r2 w. v* n! K; W, \& w
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此外,尚未加入欧元区的塞浦路斯、匈牙利和罗马尼亚三国也将采用类似设计,同步发行本国的纪念币。6 ^9 a5 r" @) s8 J( d9 X* \0 D
2 r h6 I+ Q) Q) z新华社布鲁塞尔22日电 # w5 o: Q k, W# J" C2 a
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Neue Zwei-Euro-Münze ab Montag ! k, }% W o& U. _% C& p& U50 Jahre "Vertrag von Rom" und neue EU-Landkarte als Neuerungen - Auflage: Neun Millionen Stück 8 l4 I) J9 D$ x5 e6 M' Q; z + o9 e: o4 G8 i( |& \. IWien - Bitte, nicht erschrecken: Wer ab kommenden Montag (26. März) eine Zwei-Euro-Münze in seinem Geldbörsel findet, auf dem ein Buch, ein Stern und die Aufschrift "Vertrag von Rom - 50 Jahre" abgebildet sind, der kann diese ruhig ausgeben oder sammeln. Es handelt sich nämlich nicht um eine Fälschung, sondern um die neueste Euro-Ausgabe des Jahres 2007, auf dem auch die EU-Landkarte aktualisiert wurde. & P) L" N' l7 v% d8 U: \2 d$ O, F. }7 n0 R8 A0 K
Wie schon im Jahr 2005, als das Jubiläum "50 Jahre Staatsvertrag" die Rückseite der Zwei-Euro zierte, muss auch 2007 das Standard-Motiv mit Bertha von Suttner einem speziellen Anlass weichen. Mit dem Unterschied, dass es sich diesmal nicht um eine rein österreichische Ausgabe handelt, sondern um eine europaweite Gemeinschaftsaktion. 5 x4 c; |1 u- P0 N" U3 F1 L+ ~! \
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Die nationalen Seiten der Münzen zeigen den am 25. März 1957 von den sechs Gründungsmitgliedern unterzeichneten Vertrag, der vor allem die Europäische Wirtschaftsgemeinschaft (EWG) begründete, aus der später die Europäische Union wurde. Den Hintergrund bildet Michelangelos sternförmiges Bodenmosaik vom Capitols-Platz in Rom. Über dem Vertragswerk ist auf der Münze das Wort "Europa" in der jeweiligen Landessprache zu lesen. Oberhalb des Gesamtmotivs erscheinen der Ausgabeanlass, unterhalb das Ausgabeland in der jeweiligen Sprachfassung sowie die Jahreszahl 2007. 5 e) ` M; c5 H+ U2 P2 Y0 k9 J; b2 r$ {& G$ X! Q" h; W+ ]
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& g/ p& c' q2 H# ^5 TAußerdem tragen alle Zwei-Euro-Stücke bereits die neue gemeinsame Wertseite, die das um die Staaten Bulgarien und Rumänien erweiterte EU-Territorium als Landkarte zeigt. In Österreich und einigen anderen Ländern sind die modifizierten Kartendarstellungen sonst erst ab den Ausgaben 2008 vorgesehen. Die heimische Version der Jubiläumsausgabe wurde in einer Auflage von neun Millionen Stück geprägt. & e$ o6 t$ i; p
2 `$ z! Y& \9 ^; n5 @Entstanden ist das Sieger-Motiv im Rahmen eines Design-Wettbewerbes in Wien, an dem neben österreichischen Künstlern auch Vertreter der spanischen, italienischen und französischen Münzstätten teilgenommen hatten. Übrigens: Mit dem neuen "Zweier" kann man selbstverständlich in allen Euro-Ländern bezahlen, auch an der Gültigkeit der bisherigen Zwei-Euro-Münzen ändert sich natürlich nichts. (APA)