5 J4 F7 K, H) d/ W* ^此外,中国自行研制的北斗卫星导航定位系统揭开了它的神秘面纱。观众在现场看到,通过北斗卫星导航定位系统,可以在大屏幕上清晰地看到远在千里之外的边防巡逻车、水面舰艇的运行轨迹,指挥员还可以与定位目标进行双向的文字、数据交流。在一张分辨率达到0.5米的大分辨率地图上,观众用手指选定目标后,屏幕上立即显示出该目标的精确地理坐标。 解放军总参谋部的一位军官介绍说:“卫星导航定位是指利用卫星导航定位系统提供位置、速度及时间等信息,由此完成对各种目标的定位、导航、监测和管理。通俗地讲,就是在外太空设置一个‘无线电导航台’。” 3 |, Z8 A- A1 c l! T0 z' ]+ I* V$ \
中国正式开始研制独立自主的卫星导航系统始于1994年。此前,世界上只有美国、俄罗斯和欧洲自主研制生产卫星导航系统。 ) L# l& ^8 F0 Z* d# K , A3 U3 T' R% [6 c: l独立报的文章指出,此次军展展出的海滩登陆画面,实际上是针对台湾。台湾已成为北京军事发展的一个聚焦点,中国不断重申称,如果这个自治的岛屿试图宣布独立,就会对其动用武力武力。 " h" H4 w& @: a' m! z" e5 A3 ? 2 _0 _: ^) F( E5 v* }* V# w此次展览还指出,中国军队“为世界和平作出了宝贵的贡献”。不过,这种观点与五角大楼早前所强调的,中国军事力量的崛起可能会增加亚洲的紧张。尽管美国估计中国的军费开支可能已达到63亿英镑,但在今年3月召开的人大会议上,中国宣布仅表示,会把其国防预算提高至17.8%,达到220亿英镑。 + u- l( Z" J* ^; _4 q- T . `9 U) d/ w6 s9 T) }( J据官方媒体报导,室内展厅里,观众摩肩接踵。室外展厅,人头攒动。室外展示的新型主战坦克、步兵战车、自行高炮、地地导弹、中程地空导弹、歼击轰炸机等大型武器装备,以及一些后勤保障装备,让刚刚走进军博大门的观众叹为观止。; e. Z# b- c- _+ F+ J3 p# {( S
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在坦克训练模拟器前,围了一层层的观众,3名解放军官兵正在给大家演示操作方法。为了激发观众的兴趣,增强与观众的互动,展览设置了一些观众参与项目,如海军多功能舰艇模拟训练器、坦克训练模拟器,可让观众体验驾驶军舰、坦克的感受。 0 }& S4 J" l* _5 f0 n2 Y) A' o A- E; f; w% F" {6 |' M" j
中国媒体说,此次军展中的许多展品是多年来首次亮相,其目的就是以“实事求是”的态度“全面客观”地展示了军队建设成就,包括新披露的重大战役的一些史实等。& ]9 p' a7 l1 v& S* W
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英国独立报指出,此次中国军事成就展令感到惊奇的是,中国前国防部长、前军委副主席林彪的照片也出现在了十大“开国元帅”展览橱窗里。林彪曾在抗日战争时帮助击败日本侵略者,在解放战争时期又率兵击败了国民党,并在朝鲜战争中指挥中国军队与美军作战。 $ w( M! ~4 v% m7 q$ b' h( b) E( K4 h
文章说,尽管林彪最后因试图“谋杀”毛泽东而叛逃,并在一起神秘的坠机事件中死亡,但他仍然被誉为十大“开国元帅”之一。军事博物馆编研处处长姜廷玉说,将十大元帅包括林彪的照片如实展出,是尊重历史的做法,“历史就是这样的,没有必要回避,我们的百科全书对于这部分都是如实纪录的。”: `" A, p) |* g, A5 E
% W- F& }3 p7 e' X. z新华社相关报导同样刷新了有关林彪的个人评价:“林彪1927年参加南昌起义,凭借出色的作战指挥才能,在革命战争年代做出了贡献:抗日战争爆发后,林彪率部挺进华北前线,首战平型关,重创日军华北方面军第五师,取得全国抗战开始的第一个大胜利;解放战争中,指挥了辽沈战役,与罗荣桓、聂荣臻一起指挥了平津战役。1955年9月27日,毛泽东主席向朱德等10人授予中华人民共和国元帅军衔,林彪是其中之一。”& G; L& l- [7 x
1 P' k n- t5 a5 j7 ^ - I1 n: e) i0 p/ ^4 SShow of strength as China marks anniversary of world's biggest army & `( f3 ?9 v$ {6 E; t+ F' `! t- T& a) ]) `! ~
Our Troops toward the Sun, an exhibition which opened yesterday, allows visitors to drive a tank, see Chairman Mao Zedong's punch-bag or check out a model of a hydrogen bomb. They can even examine in detail the new uniforms of the People's Liberation Army (PLA). 0 B2 L* `1 ^; E. r* o% A/ }% R( @8 o! G: ?3 D
This year is the 80th anniversary of the foundation of the PLA, the world's biggest military force, and China is celebrating the occasion with a stirring exhibition. Day one was packed with visitors, including children getting to grips with anti-aircraft guns and dozens of people queuing to fire a warship's gun.' n; s2 i5 l6 w7 a' Q, Y- W/ E
3 ~: a9 _+ L/ M4 e9 R# JThe PLA has 2.3 million soldiers, 800,000 reservists and a People's Armed Police of 1.5 million. Since its foundation, it has been transformed from a group of guerrillas into a powerful military machine.: g$ \/ u' W; Y2 r; O; ^7 E
% w5 r `/ F1 jA surprise inclusion in the exhibition is Lin Biao, a defence minister who helped defeat Japanese invaders, routed Nationalist troops in China's civil war during the 1930s and 1940s and commanded Chinese forces in the Korean War. He is honoured as one of the "Ten Marshals" who founded the PLA, although he died a traitor in a mysterious plane crash after apparently plotting to assassinate Mao Zedong, the Communist leader. 0 F) A8 X& V, ~ e* J }# v5 T$ \5 e- D4 K0 _' _3 E
"With objective thinking, we decided to put the picture of Lin Biao together with the other nine marshals," said Jiang Tingyu, a researcher. "We have to show history as it was."" P' S' F) ~& y. I
' t3 t `1 k7 [, c! V* K' yA prominent diorama showed a beach invasion, with Taiwan in mind. The island is the focus of Beijing's military development, which mainland China has said it would attack if the self-ruled island state tried tried to declare independence. The exhibition says China's armed forces "make a valuable contribution to world peace", a view at variance with a Pentagon reportthis year which said the growth of the Chinese military could increase tension in Asia. + s: X6 s& e0 O+ a! ~- l7 X* J3 x+ W. a2 O6 x+ r, L" n4 V% Y
At the National People's Congress in March, China said it would boost defence spending by 17.8 per cent, to £22bn, this year, though the US says the figure could reach £63bn. Washington spends £244bn a year on its military, not including Iraq and Afghanistan.6 B7 @- L P0 S3 T+ Y+ M! G5 r" y
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The green hats in the new PLA uniform no longer incorporate a red band. Critics say it should have remained as a symbol of the Communist Party.