[中国新闻] 中国经济：与公牛赛跑

Ampelmann

外媒：中国经济实力赶上美国至少需10年
; }% J8 O! x5 Y" X' [0 x6 H, W人在德国 社区2010年08月19日 14:15   来源：中新社   黄瑞; R5 C& g# q/ B- t

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) b( G, [6 m- y# v5 |中新社北京8月19日电 (黄瑞)2010年第2季度中国GDP超越日本的消息一经公布，迅即引起西方媒体对中国未来经济走向的广泛讨论。华尔街日报称，以现在的经济增长速度，中国仍需要10年甚至更长的时间，赶上美国世界第一的经济地位。人在德国 社区; P7 M: h2 _5 C7 w

; [+ X* t  y7 A) x9 A人在德国 社区　　华尔街日报一篇题为《中国产量赶超日本》的报道分析，尽管中国有望在今年全年GDP总量上超过日本，成为世界第二大经济体，然中国全年约5万亿美元的经济总量与美国将近15万亿美元的经济总量之间，仍存在巨大的差距。人在德国 社区( r' Q- p7 c' r0 ~# I
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　　英国金融时报分析了中国经济面临的严重问题，并称这些问题却被外界所忽视。在其刊登的《中国的跳跃预示着世界权利之转移》报道援引中国社科院金融发展研究中心主任易宪容评论说，当我们谈及中国经济时，应该避免高估中国的力量；中国存在巨大的贫富差距和地区发展不平衡，若这些问题无法得到解决，中国GDP的高速增长将失去意义。人在德国 社区2 H! u6 l6 w" `& F# E: @; v/ h6 E4 o

3 S6 `) P. b7 e" T" D4 c; K! [* B; {( T　　在路透社的评论文章《与公牛赛跑：对2020年中国经济的乐观看法》里，澳大利亚国立大学经济学教授罗斯·加诺特对中国经济的未来作出了积极判断。他说，中国将进入一个更高质量的经济增长期，尤其是在中国廉价劳动力无限供应已成为历史的情况下。
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　　金融时报表示，当GDP排名上升为中国带来更多外界审视之际、当世界对中国在国际舞台上承担责任有更多期待之时，如何确立与其他地区之间的关系，对中国政府来说至关重要。  F) ]  ^( F( Q: }
　　华尔街日报分析了中国现阶段采取的对外战略。为了巩固自身的国际地位、避免令周边国家感到受威胁，中国已开始强调“和平崛起”，并积极拓展文化交流领域。
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　　比较中国与日本的经济发展，金融时报指出，在更为重要的购买力方面，中国在近十年前已超过日本，而中国的季度GDP总值超过日本，则更多的与汇率及统计方法有关；为了说明这点，经济学家会告诉你，两个国家使用相同材料和人工，建造一样的房屋，日本创造的国内生产总值是中国的3倍，原因在于日本所花费的一切成本均比中国高出很多。5 ^" i3 t& d9 X4 S

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* M' O1 X; Y! p, V: Ers238848.rs.hosteurope.deRunning with the bulls: A rosy view of China in 2020  Source : Reuters
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0 ]# ^+ o4 p" g0 M* B" n3 X5 CBEIJING: By 2020, China is entering its fifth decade of sustained growth. The trade surpluses that used to strain the global economy have shrunk into insignificance as the Middle Kingdom's consumption steadily grows.
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A productive workforce is much better paid, lancing the boil of a widening income gap. Purchasing power has surged thanks to a stronger yuan. Beijing is a leader in improving energy efficiency.
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' \/ m; M* S9 a* L, n/ C( T2 hrs238848.rs.hosteurope.deLet's leave aside worries of a property bubble and a new crop of bad loans. Forget the spectre of protectionism. 8 q/ f( ^0 d/ \, |! x

1 f  a& ^% p- s" `After investors' bearish reaction last week to a moderate slowdown in economic growth in July, it's time to make again the unabashed long-term bullish case for China. rs238848.rs.hosteurope.de) I/ L9 x) q$ }% W/ H' a
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Ross Garnaut, an economics professor at the Australian National University in Canberra, is among those confident that China is about to enter an era of higher-quality growth, not least because demographics dictate that unlimited supplies of cheap labour will soon be a thing of the past. % M0 z- b( W6 `
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First and foremost, there will be large and continuing increases in real wages and in the wage share of income, Garnaut wrote in the East Asia Forum, an online newsletter.
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This is critical. Pay has risen briskly in China, but profits and the government's share of national income have risen even faster, squeezing workers.
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2 Z, M/ E( Q5 r. N6 r2 Y2 E"The powerful tendency since the 1980s towards increased inequality in income distribution is likely to be reversed," Garnaut wrote. 人在德国 社区) a7 e* y2 ~6 _1 W- y6 b/ K: U. K

$ a8 [$ \( |3 a9 D/ KIn this virtuous circle, spending will rise and the national savings rate will fall, thus reducing China's external surpluses and easing tensions with Beijing's trading partners.
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Garnaut said there was no basis for assuming that a shrinking workforce, which is set to contract from around 2015, would dent the productivity gains; the economy could keep expanding at close to the near double-digit average of the past 30 years of market reform.
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That headlong growth catapulted China past Japan last quarter to become the world's second-largest economy, according to an estimate on Monday by Japan's Cabinet Office.
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Urbanisation, development of the interior and investment in a low-carbon economy will sustain growth at more than 9 per cent in the coming decade, according to Li Daokui, an economics professor at Tsinghua University in Beijing. 人在德国 社区9 T( t( h3 ?) p7 ?
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China, Lie said, is set to enjoy a "golden period". & O: [- J8 Q7 ^5 d$ h. P

; Z5 V" R7 L& d- ^& X: S7 U4 z/ JIf he's right, the consequences for the rest of the world will be far-reaching. 人在德国 社区* p6 b6 l5 m. k1 ]6 c; u

# g$ N3 [# @9 V' v/ vInternational Monetary Fund economists Vivek Arora and Athanasios Vamvakidis calculate that, over the last two decades, a per centage point extra Chinese growth is correlated with an average rise of 0.5 percentage point in other countries' growth. 人在德国 社区2 V# o; D6 t& C: V5 |  z

& L) C3 P$ S6 u+ G$ K9 _5 d"Moreover, while China's spillovers initially only mattered for neighbouring countries, the importance of distance has diminished over time," they wrote in a working paper. rs238848.rs.hosteurope.de# b. J( S: [5 U3 G; w. m1 R

; A+ L3 x& c/ x# l+ sGarnaut reckons even richer vistas could open up for the likes of India as China's comparative advantage shifts to technologically complex goods from simple manufactures. 4 y" v8 U7 d* K. Y0 O) G6 ]+ {

+ i$ y+ F: B0 u* ]  {" b- }rs238848.rs.hosteurope.deThink high-speed trains, not plastic toys.