[中国新闻] 茉莉花成员：一党专制将结束 , 美联社独家采访4核心份子

2011年 04月07日

穿着褪色的牛仔裤，拿着笔电，在南韩首尔咖啡馆现身的22岁男孩「森林智慧」（Forest Intelligence），看起来与其他南韩大学生没有两样。但是这个大男孩与其他遍布在全球十多个国家的中国年轻人，正是发起「中国茉莉花革命」的网路核心份子。

美联社昨天发布的独家报导指出，「森林智慧」隶属的是自称为「中国茉莉花集会组织者」的团体，他们不是这场「中国茉莉花革命」唯一的网路组织，另外至少还有四个组织在动员各种和平示威，进行网路串连。美联社采访到「中国茉莉花集会组织者」的四名成员，他们受到突尼西亚与埃及民主运动的启发，希望把同样的网路革命浪潮引进中国。
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成员多为80后青年 $ ~) K# s6 g7 ]% Q2 E7 v. ]' S

「森林智慧」轻声地说：「在八○年代后期与九○年代出生的中国年轻人，基本上已经认定一党专制会在他们有生之年结束，不可能一直持续下去。这是肯定的。」 rs238848.rs.hosteurope.de9 o# Q9 V" l, Q& ?" s, d( l  M
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「森林智慧」说，他的团体约有20人，其中8人在中国境内，另外12人与他一样遍布在国外十多个国家。「中国茉莉花集会组织者」平均年龄很轻，另一位哥伦比亚大学毕业的「花哥」（Hua Ge）住在纽约，现年27岁，是他们组织中年纪最长者。 0 K- Y5 @% V% D) J9 D# s0 B+ r- {

「花哥」在哥伦比亚大学修习的是古典学，他是整个组织的领导者，负责招募其他的组织人物。花哥生于武汉，正是一百年前辛亥革命打响第一枪的地方。花哥以「启蒙民众、教育民众」的革命家口吻说：「人民需要改变他们的思想。他们并不清楚自己其实拥有什么样的权利，也不知道他们可以选择不一样的政治未来。」3 n0 |+ n. M" o
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Google为组织工具 , C1 A  D% K: ~& ^

「森林智慧」与「花哥」以Google作为主要的组织工具，并且获得现居纽约的民运人士王军涛指导。网路成员总计可能有1300人，主要住在中国。他们透过推特、脸书，每周在网路上号召和平集会，有时是快闪示威。他们召集的「茉莉花行动」虽然实际参与者不多，却明显让中国共产党政府感到威胁，加强言论检查，并可能导致中国政府拘捕知名艺术家与异议份子艾未未。! B( f& Z* v3 A. q. P8 D

散居各国别名互称 3 t# I% m. O. [+ b$ _/ ^
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他们彼此以网路别名互称，「森林智慧」说其他的核心成员散居在日、韩、法、澳、加等地。 24岁的「小默」住法国，负责汇集网路回应的讯息。「潘美拉王」住波士顿，18岁的她负责把国际新闻翻译成中文。 ) l8 R4 |2 I" Y. Z

「花哥」表示，在中国的八位核心成员包括网路搜寻引擎专家、前公务员等等。他们号召出来游行的人「微笑」、「散步」，而非抗议。「花哥」说：「有些人讲这个运动不会成功，但是在突尼西亚或埃及，他们花了三或四年准备，最后才成功完成政权转移。人民觉醒需要时间，所以我们继续努力，就会有更多人认清局势，加入我们。」人在德国社区, a8 o  I* B, n& s
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森林智慧.jpeg

In this photo taken Sunday, April 3, 2011, a Chinese man who goes by the Internet alias "Forest Intelligence" looks at the "Jasmine Movement" website at a cafe in Seoul, South Korea. "Forest Intelligence" is a member of one group spreading anonymous calls online for pro-democracy protests in China that have prompted the Chinese government to launch a sweeping campaign of repression to keep the "Jasmine Revolution" from reaching the country.

北京王府井大街Sunday, April 3, 2011
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AP Exclusive: Voices behind China's protest calls

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SEOUL, South Korea (AP) — Strolling past hip cafes, the young Chinese man in a white sports jacket and faded jeans looks like any other university student in the South Korean capital. But the laptop in his black backpack is a tool in a would-be revolution in China.

The 22-year-old computer science student is part of a group behind appeals that started popping up anonymously on the Internet seven weeks ago, calling on Chinese to stage peaceful protests to get the ruling Communist Party to move toward democracy.rs238848.rs.hosteurope.de- K% w# B. _; D( y1 |/ J

Those calls have spooked the government into launching one of its broadest campaigns of repression in years to keep the protests from catching on, as they have in the Middle East and North Africa.

The Associated Press tracked down the student and some of his colleagues, giving an inside look at one group of campaigners behind the online petitions, and how they use technology to operate behind the anonymity of the Internet.5 P  a  c: y' P" c% j

The group is a network of 20 mostly highly educated, young Chinese with eight members inside China and 12 in more than half a dozen other countries.% B7 ^, Z# B; E8 f
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Calling itself "The Initiators and Organizers of the Chinese Jasmine Revolution" after a phrase used in the Tunisian uprising, the group is not the sole source of the protest calls; at least four others have sprung up.

Interviews with four members of the Initiators show similar evolutions: All are young people who grew to resent the government's autocratic rule and China's widespread inequality and injustice. The uprisings in Tunisia and Egypt made change look possible.rs238848.rs.hosteurope.de  H6 b  F& a0 s3 j3 n  {3 D" L1 b
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"People born in the late '80s and the '90s have basically decided that in their generation one-party rule cannot possibly outlive them, cannot possibly even continue in their lifetimes. This is for certain," the lean, soft-spoken 22-year-old who goes by the Internet alias "Forest Intelligence" said in an interview at a cafe in Seoul's trendy Samcheong-dong district.人在德国社区; g. j, u2 |) e) e% m1 m( ^

The group's calls for weekly demonstrations every Sunday in dozens of cities have attracted many onlookers and few outright protesters. Still, their impact is clear. The government has responded with more police on the streets, more Internet monitoring and the detention, disappearance or arrest of more than 200 people.
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Artist and government critic Ai Weiwei appears to be the latest, taken into custody last weekend. The group said none of those detained have been involved with their protest calls.
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Members of the group requested anonymity out of concern that they or their families might be targeted by the government, which maintains an extensive network of informants among student groups overseas. Most members know each other only by Internet nicknames.rs238848.rs.hosteurope.de' I% o* h+ h6 U2 H

They also are concerned that, with more than half their members outside China, their movement might be seen as a foreign-backed, anti-China plot rather than a response to real domestic problems.

"The revolution was started purely because of the failure of domestic affairs, not because of overseas forces," said "Hua Ge," a Columbia University graduate in classics who lives in New York and who, at 27, is one of the group's older members. He recruited the others.人在德国社区- {- o" [& O. L2 A2 q9 ], R) W
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The first online calls for a Chinese "Jasmine Revolution" — a Twitter post on Feb. 17 and a longer appeal on the U.S.-based Chinese news site Boxun.com on Feb. 19 — remain anonymous. Soon after they appeared, Hua Ge said that he, together with a man in China that he refused to identify, started the website Molihuaxingdong.blogspot.com.

"Molihuaxingdong" is Chinese for "Jasmine Movement" and it has evolved to include a Facebook page, a Twitter feed, and Google groups for every Chinese province or territory. Many of the sites are blocked in China, but remain effective because so many Chinese know how to elude government blocks, said Hua Ge.7 k1 ]; r3 q7 v! [8 d# @& i+ y
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"People need to have some change in their thinking," said the native of the central Chinese city of Wuhan. "They don't really understand what rights they have, or what kind of political future they can choose."
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Their main Google group has more than 1,200 online users, though how many are inside China is unclear. An online survey posted in February received 300 responses, mostly from people in China, members said, and the group gets 50 to 100 emails daily from participants in the country.
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Outside China, members are in the U.S., France, Australia, Canada, South Korea and Japan, among other countries. "Forest Intelligence" oversees the recruitment of volunteers and maintains the website. "Xiaomo," a 24-year-old college student in Paris, collates comments from surveys. Boston-based student "Pamela Wang," 18, translates news articles into Chinese and is one of eight administrators of the group's Facebook page.& j( l/ F. X- n' v

The eight members in China include an expert in online search engines, a former government employee who writes articles and someone who works on the website's layout, said Hua Ge. He refused to provide their contact information or reveal details about them out of concerns for their safety.

Hua Ge said the group also has consulted Wang Juntao, a prominent dissident sentenced to 13 years in prison for advising students during the 1989 pro-democracy protests centered on Tiananmen Square. Freed on medical parole in 1993, Wang now lives in New York and confirmed his assistance.人在德国社区. @& d) V" O( M6 Q) \/ P

Collectively, the group's postings are often clever with a touch of sarcasm. People are urged to "stroll" and "smile" rather than protest. "We are making a new history of revolution by a unique way: We use the sound of laughter, singing and salutations instead of the sound of guns, cannons and warplanes!" a notice dated March 1 said.

Online security is a major concern, and group members are constantly in touch. On Sunday, Forest Intelligence showed an AP reporter his laptop, which has a virtual machine installed — an operating system within the computer's normal operating system that provides an extra layer of protection against hackers.7 r) Y) P5 x+ o% s8 z# @" y

As soon as he logged on, Skype and Gmail chat services blinked with new messages. "Are you back yet?" asked Xiaomo, who then relayed news that activist-artist Ai Weiwei was prevented from getting on a flight to Hong Kong. Less than an hour later, the news was posted on the group's website.7 I4 Q: u' l, w" H# Y
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On Tuesday, the group released an Internet safety manual to help Chinese users circumvent censors and issued another statement deploring the current crackdown. It warned that if activists were not released by April 10, they would retaliate by using "search engine optimization" techniques so that when Chinese do online searches for names of officials, the results will link to reports about corruption.

The group has no illusions that change, if it does come, will happen soon, but is willing to wait years to gather momentum.

"Some people say this movement is going to die and this movement is not going to be successful like that in Tunisia or Egypt. But in those countries, it took three or four years for the people to make preparations and finally, there was a peaceful transition," Hua Ge said.

"It may take a period of time for the people to wake up, so the longer we continue our efforts the more people will know about the situation and join us."

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