[动物趣闻] 动物界的神奇迁徙之旅

中秋月

动物界的神奇迁徙之旅

　　Animals will make extraordinary and often mysterious expeditions to find a good meal, sexy mates, and the perfect place to raise a family. This month, billions of cicadas will burst out from their 17-year-old hiding places to complete one of the longer journeys in time, while moving only a few inches from burrow to daylight. Other migrations cover thousands of miles.
　　当人类因为生活而搭乘飞机、火车从一个城市迁徙到另一个城市的时候，动物们也在神秘远征，它们同样也是为了获得美餐、佳人和完美的安家场所。它们的路途是那么艰辛，以至随时都有丧命的危险。这个月，数亿只蝉将告别它们居住17年之久隐居地，完成生命旅程。它们一天的行走距离只有几英寸。其它的迁徙将长达数千公里。以下是生活科学网站评出的十大最难以置信的动物旅行。


动物界的神奇迁徙之旅
　　10、Humpback Whales
　　Humpback whales hold the world's record for longest mammalian voyage. One population spends the warmer months eating a literal ton of food a day in waters off the Arctic Peninsula. Come wintertime, they swim 5,000 miles away to balmy breeding grounds near Columbia and the Equator.
　　迁徙距离最长的座头鲸
　　座头鲸保持着世界上哺乳动物中迁徙距离最长的记录。在气候较暖的几个月里，一头座头鲸每天会在北冰洋附近海域吃掉大约1吨的食物。而到了冬天，它们又会游行5000英里，到达哥伦比亚和赤道附近的温暖海域觅食。


动物界的神奇迁徙之旅
　　9、Freshwater Eels
　　Freshwater eels are born prepared for the rough waters they face in life. After hatching in the salty Sargasso Sea, the eels swim to freshwater rivers in the United Kingdom and the East Coast of North America. On the way, their kidneys adapt to the change in salinity. When it's time to lay eggs, the eels and their kidneys will return to their beginnings.
　　适应不同盐度的淡水鳗
　　淡水鳗往往一出生就将面对一段最恶劣的水域生涯。在北大西洋西印度群岛附近的马尾藻海的咸水当中出生后，它们会游往英国和北美洲东海岸的一些淡水河流当中。在这个迁徙的过程中，它们的肾脏会适应水中盐度的不同变化。而当它们要产卵的时候，它们又会回到海水当中，而它们的肾脏又会发生变化来适应海水的高盐度。


动物界的神奇迁徙之旅
　　8、Whooping cranes
　　Recovery efforts of the whooping crane have included flight lessons for the endangered snowbirds. Ultralight aircraft and radio-controlled robots disguised as cranes have lead hand-reared birds south to winter in protected areas.
　　南下过冬的美洲鹤
　　美洲鹤是世界上最稀有也是最濒危的鹤类，为了挽救美洲鹤，科学家利用人工孵育的方法将美洲鹤孵化出来，然后利用超轻的飞机和遥控 机器人伪装成美洲鹤，将这些人工饲养的小美洲鹤带往南部弗罗里达州的野生动物保护区里过冬。


动物界的神奇迁徙之旅
　　7、Monarch butterfly
　　Migrating long distances is in a monarch's blood. Each fall, thousands of butterflies head west in California and Mexico. They summer 3,000 miles away, throughout the United States and Canada. But how they know when and where to go continues to puzzle scientists.
　　长途 避暑的黑脉金斑蝶
　　长途迁徙是黑脉金斑蝶的天性。每到秋天，在加州和墨西哥，数以千计的黑脉金斑蝶都会向西飞去。它们穿过美国和加拿大，去3000英里以外的地方避暑。但是，令科学家百思不得其解的是它们怎么知道什么时候飞往什么地方。

中秋月

动物界的神奇迁徙之旅
　　6、Ruby-throated hummingbird
　　Before its 500-mile trip to Central America, the ruby-throated hummingbird bulks up on nectar, insects, and tree sap. The tiny bird gains 2 grams of fat, almost doubling its weight, to make the nonstop flight from eastern North America across the Gulf of Mexico.
　　一刻不停留的红宝石喉蜂鸟
　　在红宝石喉蜂鸟飞行500英里到达中美洲之前，它们会摄取大量的花蜜、昆虫和树汁。这种小鸟会在这个过程中增加两克的 脂肪，这几乎使它的体重翻了一倍，这是为了从北美洲东部飞到墨西哥湾的旅行中，能做到一刻也不停留。


动物界的神奇迁徙之旅
　　5、Salmon
　　After spending years swimming in the ocean, salmon follow their noses and return to the freshwater streams they were born in to spawn and eventually die. They'll swim upstream against strong currents for hundreds of miles to make the perfect homecoming, even if it means arriving in shoddy condition.
　　逆流游行回家的鲑鱼
　　鲑鱼是一种出生在淡水中的鱼类。但出生后它会去海洋里生活，然后在生活了几年后又会回到它出生的淡水里产卵，最后在那里死去。它们可以在逆流中游行数百英里，返回老家，无论途中充满了什么艰险。


动物界的神奇迁徙之旅
　　4、Green turtle
　　Motherly instinct compels female green turtles to return to their birthplace to start their own families. The pregnant turtles swim more than a thousand miles from their coastal feeding grounds in Brazil into the middle of the South Atlantic Ocean to Ascension Island. On the tiny nursery's sandy beach, the expectant mothers carve out nests and lay their eggs before heading back home.
　　游行千里产蛋的绿海龟
　　母爱的本能促使绿海龟会回到自己的出生地重新开始自己的家庭。怀孕的绿海龟能游行1000多英里，从巴西海岸沿途觅食一直游到南大西洋中部的阿森松岛。在那块小小的幼儿沙滩上，怀孕的绿海龟会挖一个窝，然后产下卵，之后离开这里返回老家。


动物界的神奇迁徙之旅
　　3、Wildebeests
　　Greener pastures drive 1.5 million of these herbivores in circles. Serengeti wildebeest travel more than a thousand miles in spectacularly huge herds, along with thousands of zebra and gazelle, to avoid the dry seasons in Tanzania and Kenya.
　　躲避旱季的非洲牛羚
　　在坦桑尼亚和肯尼亚，为了躲避旱季，近150万头的非洲牛羚与其他的动物，如斑马和瞪羚，一起迁徙1000多英里寻找更好的草原。这样巨大的兽群迁徙景象特别的壮观。


动物界的神奇迁徙之旅
　　2、Lemmings
　　In the Arctic tundra, over-population and a scarcity of food sends lemmings on mass migrations at high speeds. Researchers clocked one trek of the petite mammals at almost 10 miles a day. For the weak, the pace of the journey is just too much and they are left behind to die.
　　快速迁徙的旅鼠
　　在北极苔原地区，数量过多和食物缺乏导致大量的旅鼠快速迁徙。研究人员发现，这种小动物能在一天内迁徙10英里。对一些弱者来说，这种迁徙的速度太快，而一旦落后就会死亡。


动物界的神奇迁徙之旅
　　1、Cicadas
　　Billions of chubby, buzzing cicadas will surface from their underground bunkers this month to gather together, sing, and mate. The insects will have spent 17 years fattening up underground, growing through five stages of development. Their synchronized appearance overwhelms predators, leaving most of the reveling cicadas carefree to party for their five weeks of adult life.
　　孵化期长达17年的蝉
　　在这个月，数以亿计的圆胖的蝉将会在美国一些地区破土而出，聚在一起鸣叫和交配。这种蝉又叫做“17年蝉”，因为它的孵化期长达17年，大约要经过5个发展期，然后在17年后的短时间内全都从地下孵化出来。它们的鸣叫声和汽车喇叭声一样，给人们带来麻烦。成年期的蝉只有短短的5个星期左右，传宗接代是它们短暂生命的主要任务。

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