[中国新闻] 中国经济：与公牛赛跑

外媒：中国经济实力赶上美国至少需10年
2010年08月19日 14:15 来源：中新社黄瑞rs238848.rs.hosteurope.de6 _* C9 T/ o! w) S# Q

- P$ \0 y7 k  L
中新社北京8月19日电 (黄瑞)2010年第2季度中国GDP超越日本的消息一经公布，迅即引起西方媒体对中国未来经济走向的广泛讨论。华尔街日报称，以现在的经济增长速度，中国仍需要10年甚至更长的时间，赶上美国世界第一的经济地位。
7 _- Q3 C6 E4 s/ F- v* s" K, r9 V8 D  Y
　　华尔街日报一篇题为《中国产量赶超日本》的报道分析，尽管中国有望在今年全年GDP总量上超过日本，成为世界第二大经济体，然中国全年约5万亿美元的经济总量与美国将近15万亿美元的经济总量之间，仍存在巨大的差距。

　　英国金融时报分析了中国经济面临的严重问题，并称这些问题却被外界所忽视。在其刊登的《中国的跳跃预示着世界权利之转移》报道援引中国社科院金融发展研究中心主任易宪容评论说，当我们谈及中国经济时，应该避免高估中国的力量；中国存在巨大的贫富差距和地区发展不平衡，若这些问题无法得到解决，中国GDP的高速增长将失去意义。人在德国社区' n# k- o- e5 _/ u) O7 [
- D! v5 t! r6 K8 O/ o4 c0 a' f
　　在路透社的评论文章《与公牛赛跑：对2020年中国经济的乐观看法》里，澳大利亚国立大学经济学教授罗斯·加诺特对中国经济的未来作出了积极判断。他说，中国将进入一个更高质量的经济增长期，尤其是在中国廉价劳动力无限供应已成为历史的情况下。
: j5 N5 P* ]2 {0 S0 |
　　金融时报表示，当GDP排名上升为中国带来更多外界审视之际、当世界对中国在国际舞台上承担责任有更多期待之时，如何确立与其他地区之间的关系，对中国政府来说至关重要。
　　华尔街日报分析了中国现阶段采取的对外战略。为了巩固自身的国际地位、避免令周边国家感到受威胁，中国已开始强调“和平崛起”，并积极拓展文化交流领域。人在德国社区. S* p; G3 B. c* v+ c  J

　　比较中国与日本的经济发展，金融时报指出，在更为重要的购买力方面，中国在近十年前已超过日本，而中国的季度GDP总值超过日本，则更多的与汇率及统计方法有关；为了说明这点，经济学家会告诉你，两个国家使用相同材料和人工，建造一样的房屋，日本创造的国内生产总值是中国的3倍，原因在于日本所花费的一切成本均比中国高出很多。

（责任编辑：杨海洋）2 n+ _& m% R9 i  g
$ |6 a! g; x5 W' K% w
Running with the bulls: A rosy view of China in 2020  Source : Reuters

BEIJING: By 2020, China is entering its fifth decade of sustained growth. The trade surpluses that used to strain the global economy have shrunk into insignificance as the Middle Kingdom's consumption steadily grows.
& V0 G* I8 k' P. i1 Z" O9 g
A productive workforce is much better paid, lancing the boil of a widening income gap. Purchasing power has surged thanks to a stronger yuan. Beijing is a leader in improving energy efficiency. 2 G7 y+ ]6 [; l' e  _  J- D, J2 h: }
: a& H/ S2 ?- W# ^2 Q
Let's leave aside worries of a property bubble and a new crop of bad loans. Forget the spectre of protectionism.

After investors' bearish reaction last week to a moderate slowdown in economic growth in July, it's time to make again the unabashed long-term bullish case for China.
2 Z  w5 C/ O) D
Ross Garnaut, an economics professor at the Australian National University in Canberra, is among those confident that China is about to enter an era of higher-quality growth, not least because demographics dictate that unlimited supplies of cheap labour will soon be a thing of the past.
人在德国社区/ E7 {; _- }/ J- h6 O; }  B3 U
First and foremost, there will be large and continuing increases in real wages and in the wage share of income, Garnaut wrote in the East Asia Forum, an online newsletter. ) f# u5 k  d& p2 R
人在德国社区! h; d& H0 V' m  T
This is critical. Pay has risen briskly in China, but profits and the government's share of national income have risen even faster, squeezing workers. 2 ~6 |) w8 q, K1 I* y% }1 K
8 X0 `4 q1 B6 X0 z6 L
"The powerful tendency since the 1980s towards increased inequality in income distribution is likely to be reversed," Garnaut wrote. ) e' S+ y  v1 F5 m1 b
rs238848.rs.hosteurope.de2 [( L5 F# W3 K: Y: X
In this virtuous circle, spending will rise and the national savings rate will fall, thus reducing China's external surpluses and easing tensions with Beijing's trading partners. 人在德国社区: c% x5 s- c- u$ _! D9 |; o

Garnaut said there was no basis for assuming that a shrinking workforce, which is set to contract from around 2015, would dent the productivity gains; the economy could keep expanding at close to the near double-digit average of the past 30 years of market reform. ! b: c% M  ^8 n0 l
2 R& V7 M2 R% ~, Z
That headlong growth catapulted China past Japan last quarter to become the world's second-largest economy, according to an estimate on Monday by Japan's Cabinet Office. % W8 p9 p4 A5 n0 S/ G

Urbanisation, development of the interior and investment in a low-carbon economy will sustain growth at more than 9 per cent in the coming decade, according to Li Daokui, an economics professor at Tsinghua University in Beijing. rs238848.rs.hosteurope.de& V# z8 R8 B& r, P5 i- A, f
+ ?. S# x1 s, C" ~5 g! t! `
China, Lie said, is set to enjoy a "golden period".

If he's right, the consequences for the rest of the world will be far-reaching.

International Monetary Fund economists Vivek Arora and Athanasios Vamvakidis calculate that, over the last two decades, a per centage point extra Chinese growth is correlated with an average rise of 0.5 percentage point in other countries' growth.
人在德国社区. L+ C- K8 b/ b5 |5 P0 {' o' f
"Moreover, while China's spillovers initially only mattered for neighbouring countries, the importance of distance has diminished over time," they wrote in a working paper. 6 K& i& p; w3 K; h1 I+ y: i: j
; F3 l# {9 M3 V3 P/ y+ x& [
Garnaut reckons even richer vistas could open up for the likes of India as China's comparative advantage shifts to technologically complex goods from simple manufactures. 人在德国社区' v# V( ]8 ?% y1 o: J0 }# R1 X
9 e+ ^9 g7 `4 c( ?3 W" b
Think high-speed trains, not plastic toys.