[中国新闻] 台湾人看北京的“套近乎”

台湾人看北京的“套近乎”
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BBC 记者克里斯•霍格Chris Hogg 2011年6月22日

近来，台海关系似乎越拉越近。去年生效的ECFA让台湾商家磨拳擦掌，现在大陆又放宽限制，本月底，访台个人游有望正式启动。BBC记者霍格倾听台湾人对大陆“套近乎”的看法。
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被一双眼睛紧紧地盯住，总会让你感觉浑身不舒服。特别是当你作采访的时候，这双眼睛死盯着你，既冷酷、而且一眨也不眨……# P, K$ V- H  M; N/ v
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这一次，盯着我的眼睛来自巨大的水族箱后。水族箱嵌在水泥里，覆盖着客厅的整整一堵墙。这么大的水族箱，好像只在邦德影片中坏蛋的家中才能找得到。rs238848.rs.hosteurope.de- E) q. h2 K& p5 l: `0 ~

水族箱的玻璃后面，是两个巨大的“怪物”----体长超过1米的食肉类鱼。人在德国社区( N, I6 B/ D1 S/ b# o; \- ?( p
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我到这儿来，是要采访戴昆财（事实上，他可不是什么坏蛋，但是他承认，“前生”曾经走私石斑鱼）。5 a$ C; C* J, w- ]6 r
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目不转睛地死盯着我的鱼，就在水族箱内。
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石斑鱼，是大陆和香港的饗客特别喜爱的美食。他们会从餐馆的水族箱里亲自挑选一条活鱼，送进厨房后，厨师举起大砍刀立即“执行死刑”，上锅清蒸，保持鱼的鲜美。人在德国社区0 z& s4 l# d! ^" O
“生意更合法了”

中国大陆的大部分海域水温都太低，不适合养殖石斑鱼。但是在台湾，戴昆财利用自己发明的一项秘密繁殖技术，可以在养殖场内饲养石斑鱼。现在，每年他都要向大陆出口大批石斑鱼。
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我想听听他是怎么看待中国和台湾六个月之前签订生效的一项贸易协议。( h$ h8 n5 e/ Z1 k: k9 b

该项协议被台湾人称作ECFA，全名是“经济合作框架协议”。作为协议的一部分，中国取消从台湾进口活鱼加收的13%关税。/ b% T+ j; P$ z

我想知道，这有没有让戴先生赚钱更容易。& P. L7 @3 p1 ~- d& C3 \- R
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他先是目不转睛地盯着我，颇像水族箱中的石斑鱼。然后，他笑笑了，说，“从前，我得向大陆走私。有了ECFA，生意更合法了”。$ b) l. `! y9 L2 T9 [+ f: E' U# P9 Y' m1 S

他还告诉我，中国市场越来越大，但自身只能出产市场所需石斑鱼的十分之一。随着中国越来越富裕，更多的大陆人希望享受石斑鱼这道美餐。
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有人说，ECFA是大陆拉拢、收买台湾人心的手段。大陆一直坚称，台湾是中华人民共和国的一部分，台湾必须和祖国母亲统一，必要时甚至要动用武力。
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但是，戴先生对这样的观点很不屑。! `- c( s$ R) S2 {6 i6 [
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他说，“这不是大陆对我们的让步。中国消费者才是赢家。他们可以更快、更合法、更廉价地吃到我的鱼”。
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下一届台湾大选已经拉开了序幕，明年一月，选民将投票选出新总统。( K/ V( |. F" ~. ^9 Z) @2 m+ w

现任总统马英九经常来戴昆财的养鱼场。这是竞选人马在台南的一站，这一带的台湾人大多支持反对党民进党。民进党对现政府和大陆拉关系的努力疑心重重。
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过去三年，马英九的国民党不断和大陆签署协议，台湾和大陆关系越来越近乎。0 i/ N, F; g# n& w( l
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马英九希望，这能够说服选民给他一个连任的机会。他会强调，如果反对党胜出，他的政策带来的经济效益也会受威胁。
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但是，反对党认为，必须更加重视国内的担忧。总统治国业绩怎么样？他们当然会说了----根本就不怎么样。
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采访结束后，戴先生领我到外面的大鱼池去参观。我们沿着两个鱼池间窄窄的田埂漫步。" g0 V, C' b, f6 F- x/ g' a' U. K
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鱼场的一个工人正在往水中投撒小鱼。顷刻之间，从水底的深处，怪物出动了。有些石斑鱼身形巨大。" t; ^+ L+ @2 N9 `+ Y; D: k+ E. ?
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石斑鱼争夺着吞吃小鱼，池中水花飞溅，犹如战场。. X, n! E. C/ ?& e& m) P9 D7 k4 D4 O. j

戴先生警告我，“如果你掉进去，他们会咬你一口。他们不会吃掉你，但是，肯定要尝尝你的味道”。人在德国社区7 S, V1 ?7 W% V( f

人们很容易会把台湾比作一条小鱼。这个只有2300万人的小岛，面临着被拥有13亿人的强大的中国大陆一口吞下去的危险。rs238848.rs.hosteurope.de/ M" J1 ?# S" H* b5 q2 z1 k: F

但是，作为一名商人，戴先生并不同意这样的比喻。2 A- V+ A- V* E% P' j0 d1 _

他说，“他们需要我们，他们需要我们的产品”。* W% T7 [, c' q4 L* \
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他本人和其他一些台湾商人抓住了一个从大陆赚钱的机会，发了财，对此，戴先生非常自豪。5 i' u- f5 |6 @, }/ q
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对他来说，事实很明显。台湾要比北京和其他人想象的更为强健。, Z$ o$ d! F& Y
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石斑鱼是大陆和香港的饗客特别喜爱的美食。rs238848.rs.hosteurope.de/ Y# I! Y2 n$ |& X1 y5 }# F) j

Taiwan fish farmers make most of China trade deal人在德国社区9 W# y1 _6 G) q6 i' I# s
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China is making it easier for its citizens to visit Taiwan but, after years of tension between the two countries, are the Taiwanese impressed by Beijing's efforts to win friends and influence?人在德国社区6 c' R5 F7 a+ y0 t) U5 S
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It is always uncomfortable to be stared at, even more so while you are conducting an interview and when that stare seems cold and unblinking.
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This time, the stare came from the kind of giant fish tank you see only in the lairs of James Bond villains, encased in concrete, covering one wall of the living room.

Behind the glass were two monsters - carnivorous fish each more than 1m (3ft) long.rs238848.rs.hosteurope.de1 y/ m8 O  j6 f

I was here to meet Tai Kun-tsai (no villain in fact, although he did confess to a former life as a smuggler of giant groupers).rs238848.rs.hosteurope.de1 a( ~8 Q+ n2 L8 I

The fish who were giving me such a hard time were inside the tank." P' P' D; c8 R2 X  N7 e5 D

The grouper's flesh is prized by the gourmet diners of China and Hong Kong.+ [: ]. u% Q) ^5 a2 M  r* L+ {) R
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They like to select the fish themselves from a restaurant's tanks so that it can be despatched with a swift blow from a cleaver and steamed at the peak of its freshness.rs238848.rs.hosteurope.de, A: e7 ]$ P0 H2 H

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Most of the waters off the coast of mainland China are too cold to raise the giant grouper.

Here in Taiwan though, Mr Tai can rear them on his fish farm, using a secret breeding technique he has developed. Now he exports thousands of them to the mainland every year.

I had come to talk to him about a trade agreement signed between China and Taiwan which came into force six months ago.
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It is known by its initials - ECFA (the Economic Co-operation Framework Agreement). As part of the agreement, China abandoned its 13% tariff on imports of live fish., N& }2 g' g5 y' S$ S

I wanted to know if this had improved Mr Tai's ability to make money.
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He fixed me with an unwavering stare - similar to the one I was getting from his fish.人在德国社区6 f$ O; X3 Y7 n1 _" K" x. D% E

Then he smiled. "I used to have to smuggle my fish into the mainland," he said, "but under ECFA, everything became more legitimate."% D& `( U# J  H' _4 m3 F" [* ~
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He told me China could produce just one in 10 of the giant groupers it now needs for its growing market. As China gets richer, this is a delicacy more and more mainlanders want to enjoy.

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ECFA is sometimes described as a ploy by the mainland to win friends in Taiwan, a place it has always claimed is part of the People's Republic of China and a historical anomaly that should be corrected by reunifying the island with the motherland, by force if necessary.

But Mr Tai dismissed such talk.) Z+ a. V: ~& E) N6 w
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"These are not concessions they're giving us," he insisted. "Chinese consumers are the winners. They're getting my fish quicker, legally and more cheaply."rs238848.rs.hosteurope.de: m$ i3 Y" O) _8 y9 H* e; }
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Taiwan is at the start of its election cycle. Voters will go to the polls to select a new president next January.5 A1 }( _) x- o2 @4 s
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The current president, Ma Ying-jeou, is a frequent visitor to Mr Tai's fish farm.rs238848.rs.hosteurope.de0 o. b1 H- @$ z: C  G7 P: z5 W- r6 M
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It is a useful campaign stop in the south of the island, an area better known for supporting the opposition - the Democratic Progressive Party - who are sceptical of the current government's efforts to build bridges with the mainland.人在德国社区. T' e& F7 Q  @6 y7 G" W

President Ma's nationalist government has spent the last three years thrashing out agreements that bind this island closer to the mainland.9 a: d/ h5 A2 A

He is hoping they will prove enough to convince voters to give him a second term.
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He will play on fears that, if voters hand power to the opposition, the economic benefits his policies have created will be put at risk.8 s. k/ c! \! c2 M/ y- H7 K
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But the opposition believes that domestic concerns should be given more importance.

How well has the president run Taiwan? Their answer - of course - not very well at all.
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'China needs us'rs238848.rs.hosteurope.de  T/ }* l; }) |* z7 B  @$ i9 l

Our interview over, Mr Tai took me outside to the giant pools where his fish are raised.
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We walked along a narrow ledge between two of them.  j3 h  U* \0 i) r( P; R
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One of his staff was tossing smaller fish into the water. Swiftly from the depths, the monsters rose, some of them huge.
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It was a frenzy with much thrashing around as they fought amongst themselves for a bite.

"If you fell in now," he warned me, "they'd each take a bite out of you. They wouldn't eat you, but they'd have a taste."9 J. f8 D# I+ @
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It is easy to portray Taiwan as small fry, an island of 23 million people at risk of being gobbled up by the 1.3bn strong, mainland China.7 T) B& f$ A6 s

But as a businessman Mr Tai, does not agree with that kind of analogy." s, C- a& G( Q$ n2 D" H+ j- d
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"They need us, they need our products," he says.
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He is proud of the way he and other Taiwanese businessmen have spotted opportunities to make money from mainland China, and become wealthy as a result.

For him the lesson is clear. Tiny Taiwan is stronger than Beijing or others might think.

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